Bags: 1 2 3 4 5
No. of coins picked: 1 2 4 8 16
There are two types of weights of coin, i.e., 10gm and 11gm. And total weight of picked coins are 323gm.
Let there be x number of 10gm coins and y number of 11gm coins.
So, 10x + 11y = 323 ------ (1)
And we also know that total number of coins picked is
1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 = 31 which is equal to x + y, so,
= 31 ------ (2)
Solving equation (1) and (2), we get
y = 13
Means total there are 13 coins of 11gm.
Now we can chose bag number 1, 3 and 4, we will get a total sum of 13 coins picked from them.
So product of labelled bag number = 1×3×4 = 12

The minimum number of comparisons required to find the minimum and the maximum of 100 numbers is 3n/2 – 2 = 148. (∵ T(n) = T(floor(n/2))+T(ceil(n/2))+2)

Y=0
for (i=0; i Y=Y+E[i] // E is an array, this statement calculates the sum of elements of the array E and stores it in Y.
for (i=0; i for(j=i; j {
Z=0;
for(k=i; k<=j; k++)
Z=Z+E[k];
// It calculates the sum of all possible subarrays starting from 0 i.e., the loop will iterate for all the elements of array E and for every element, calculate sum of all sub arrays starting with E[i].
Store the current sum in Z.
If Z is greater than Y then update Y and return Y. So it returns the maximum possible sum of elements in any sub array of given array E.

The statement, static allocation of all data areas by a compiler makes it impossible to implement recursion is true, as recursion requires memory allocation at run time, so it requires dynamic allocation of memory. Hence, Dynamic allocation of activation records is essential to implement recursion is also a true statement.

Bellman-ford algorithm → O(nm)
Krushkal's algorithm → O(m log n)
Floyd-Warshall algorithm → O(n³)
Topological sorting → O(n+m)

We know that stack works on the principle of LIFO.

The locality of reference is also known as principle of locality.
→ The things which are used more frequently those are stored in locality of reference.
→ For this purpose we use the cache memory.

S ∝→ [violates context free]
Because LHS must be single non-terminal symbol.
S ∝→ b [violates CSG]
→ Length of RHS production must be atleast same as that of LHS.
Extra information is added to the state by redefining iteams to include a terminal symbol as second component in this type of grammar.
Ex: [A → αβa]
A → αβ is a production, a is a terminal (or) right end marker $, such an object is called LR(k).
So, answer is (D) i.e., LR(k).

Binary search using linked list is not efficient as it will not give O(log n), because we will not be able to find the mid in constant time. Fnding mid in linked list takes O(n) time.
Recursive program requires stack for storing the function state. Any recursive program can be rewritten as an iterative one. Advantage of recursion is "less programming effort", while it always lags behind ietrative one in terms of performance.

A macro body can also have further macro definitions. However, these nested macro definitions aren't valid until the enclosing macro has been expanded. That means enclosing macro must have been called before the macros can be called.

(i) - (b), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (d), (iv) - (a)

Backus Normal Form (BNF) is a notation technique for context free grammars, often used to describe the syntax of languages used in computing.
Yacc (Yet Another Compiler- Compiler) is a computer program for the UNIXoperating system. It is a LALR parser generator, generating a parser, the part of a compiler that tries to make syntactic sense of the source code, specially a LALR parser, based on an analytic grammar. Yacc is written in portable C.

(i) - (a), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (d), (iv) - (c)

Logical data independence is more difficult to achieve than physical data independence, since application programs are heavily dependent on the logical structure of the data that they access.

In a program the loader that can loads the object of the program from secondary memory into the main memory to execute the corresponding program. Then the loader is to be resides in the main memory.

For every NFA there exists a DFA.
For every NPDA there does not exist a deterministic PDA.
Every non-deterministic TM has an equivalent deterministic TM.

A-R
B-P
C-S
D-Q
Buddy system: The buddy system is a technique to allocate the memory by dividing the memory into partitions to try to satisfy a memory request as suitably as possible.
Interpretation: Runtime.
Pointer type: Garbage collector dereference the dangling pointer.
Virtual memory: Segmentation.

(B), (C) and (D) are true. But the strongest answer would be (D), a regular language. Because every finite language is a regular language.
And, regular language ⊂ context-free ⊂ context-sensitive ⊂ Turing recognizable, would imply that regular language is the strongest answer.